The relationship between discrimination and economics Research Paper

The relationship between discrimination and economics - Research Paper Example ls of Thomas Sowell (1983) and Walter Williams (1982), Majewsky suggested that markets minimize discrimination and state intervention that retards economic progress of racial and cultural minorities. Several myths were presented against historical examination as follows: Myth 1: Discrimination leads to poor economic performance by an ethnic group. Fact: Considered as axiomatic, the myth mentioned contradicts historical examples. Discriminated groups like the Chinese were despised in Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, but today, they control about 70 to 85% of retail in said countries (Majewski, 1988). This, too, can be said of Jews in the West. â€Å"From the Roman Empire, through the Middle Ages to the Nazi holocaust, the Jews have endured more religious persecution than any other ethnic minority,† but through hard work, entrepreneurship and education, were able to prosper in most areas around the globe (Majewski, 1998, 23). The second myth was that p oor economic performance by an ethnic group was attributed to discrimination. In reality, low income below national average and poor representation in professional occupations among ethnic minorities are prevalent throughout the world. This may not be easily attributed to current practices of discrimination as Majewski (1998) suggested. Another factor that has placed minorities to their marginal status includes banishment from the lands they occupied by colonizers which in turn have given the occupied lands as well as established businesses to their heirs. In this argument, Majewski (1988) presented the different performance levels of three black groups: descendants of immigrants from the West Indies, descendants of free persons of color, and descendants of slaves freed during the Civil War. Among... This paper presents careful consideration of the discrimination problem, of the theories and the economics of discrimination. The factors that affect or influence the prevalence of the practice of discrimination are being considered in the paper. Throughout history, many points of views about understanding the economics of discrimination have been forwarded. Economically, discrimination is a practice to maintain economic status of those who are dominant. They practice discrimination to sustain their advantage. However, current global market conditions now provide many individuals and non-dominant classes bigger chance at performing better economically. Policy should now focus on empowering more individuals to become better economic performers. In many countries especially the democratic ones, the various rights and prerogatives of individuals are protected by laws so that preferences in many matters may not be legally questioned. Many practices and choices of an individual are attributed to his rights and privileges. Where pure discrimination is practiced, employers may be offered lower wages by the workers discriminated upon. When this happens, the minority wage will be lower at first but eventually, the market process with equalize their wage rates. Employers that hire minority workers at lower wage will make above-average profits. This will attract new firms in the industry that will hire the minority workers at slightly higher offers in order to attract them. This will even out the wage disparity over time

The Kite Runner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Kite Runner - Essay Example nd at the same time enervating bond with his Hazara servant Hassan as evinced by the line â€Å"Did you know Hassan and you fed from the same breast (Hosseini 64).† In that context the dynamics of friendship between Amir and Hassan happens to be strange and peculiar, verging on the borders of what may be called a misplaced sibling rivalry, while at the same time being strengthened by bonds that only could be cast and preserved through blood. At the same time this friendship is marked by strong undertones of guilt affiliated to Amir, owing to his inability to show support and empathy for a friend, who is always willing to go beyond oneself to assure his happiness. This friendship carries the burden of an atrocity that though known to both the friends, born by one and callously sidelined and evaded by the other, never showing any inclination to bring it to the surface. The irony is that even Amir is also aware that Hassan is more than willing to let him go with his evasive stanc e, as he says â€Å"And that was as close as Hassan and I ever came to discussing what had happened in the alley (Hosseini 69).† Being in an immature phase of his life, Amir is totally possessed by the need for soliciting the approval of his father, further bolstered by his innate guilt of jilting Hassan when he most needed his support and sympathy, to the extent that he does not hesitate from planting Hassan in a stealing incident. The burden of the guilt becomes too much of an obsession with Amir and in his conscience he ends up believing that he could only redeem his peace back by pushing Hassan out of his life as he says, â€Å"I want you to stop harassing me. I want you to go away (Hosseini 77).† However, as Amir matures to being a young man in a world far away from Afghanistan, he eventually realizes the need to expunge himself of his guilt and betrayal by going back to Afghanistan to find Hassan’s son. Finally when Amir manages to solicit a lopsided smile from Hassan’s son in climax,

What Is The Propaganda Model?

What Is The Propaganda Model? When Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky discussed the propaganda model in the book called Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media  from the political economy viewpoint. They pointed out that money and power can filter some of the information, allowing the government and politicians to spread their words to the public. Although the purpose of media is not for propaganda only, the main proportion of it is used for propaganda (Herman Chomsky, 1988). They argue that every piece of original daily news in America is under strict checking before they can be published, the news gatekeepers including ownership, advertiser and sources. From this point, the media are totally lost in serving those who can control and support them, representing the interest of the wealthy and powerful class in the society. They called the checking process as five filters of the news, which is also the central notion of the propaganda model. The newsfilters are ranging from money dominators , advertisers, sources, to flak and anticommunism. Through analysing the five filters, they are dividing the propaganda model into two types: the first pattern is characterized as checked through the official censorship to serve those who are the dominant class in the society. While the latter propaganda type is difficult to be noticed, the media always discloses scandal by the authorities and criticized the government to convince the public. Once the general public have trusted the media, they will naturally follow the media and support those government policies that media is advocating. That is publicity gambit played between the media and the dominant class. The latter type is more important in Chomskys opinion. The first filter illustrates that the investors monopolized the media. Take the newspaper for example, fierce competition in the profit driven free market result in emphasizing more about the readers. Moreover, the progress of technique means the cost is increasing, for the working class newspaper, the cost is relatively low, thus then, and they have to quit the competitive market. Since the media entered the profit-driven market, the capital of the giant media firms are generally controlled by the large enterprise, the board, the stockholders and the bankers in the enterprise are caring more about the profit rather than the quality of the news. Thereby, it is not surprising that the media giants are tied up with wealthy circles. The media are highly reliance on the advertisers in the profit-driven market, which means the choosing of the advertisers, will influence the media profoundly. On one hand, the considerable revenue from advertising will naturally increase the popular media product. In other word, it is impossible to get the support from the advertisers without the ratings guarantee. As Herman and Chomsky (Herman Chomsky, 1988.) argued in their book that it was the buying power from the audience attracting the media most. As a result, it is not difficult to understand why the newspaper is going backwards and in crisis while the society is developing. On the other hand, Advertisers often discriminate both the working class and radical media politically (Herman Chomsky, 1988), in which the advertisers would rather consider more about those who have great purchasing power than the poor. News source is the third filter. Sources form the government and the company can meet the need of media organization: using the reliable sources from the government and the company, can ensure the objective of news reporting; on the other hand, through getting the news sources from the government and the giant company, the publications can cut out a great deal of unnecessary expenditure spending on investigating other unreliable sources. Herman and Chomsky called the fourth filter as flak and the enforces (Herman Chomsky, 1988, p.26.), that is, the government and the major corporation are able to put pressure on the media. Here, flak means bad feedback of a media programme. The media will pay great price for the negative response; they have to defend themselves in or out of the institution, even in the court. Moreover, the advertisers will pull the advertisement as well. According to Chomsky, the flak is generally from the person in authority. Under such pressures, the media can only represent the interest of the investors. The fifth filter is called anticommunism as a control mechanism. In here, they are referring to the media are advocating communism policies (policies that are threatening the property profit, especially the America property profit) as a threat to the bourgeoisie. As stated above, the first three filters are more important in the propaganda theory. Essentially speaking, the methodology of the propaganda model is the same as other theories; they are beginning with loads of hypotheses, and then go back to the assumption through personal experience (Klaehn, 2003). Although Jeffery (2003) argues that the propaganda model is a concept result from the analysis on the relation of media and the authorities systematically and logically. However, different from other research, Chomskys evidences seem to be lacking of persuasion. In addition, this model is mainly focusing on the newsroom structure, it cannot be used to analyse the general journalism practice. Besides, although Klaehn has explained some criticism about the difference between gatekeeper theory and propaganda model, and argued the propaganda model is only used for the analysis of the framework but not the psychological process of the media (Klaehn, 2005). There are some similarities still can be found between them: the aim of the news agency is to satisfy the advertisers rather than attract the audiences under the profit-driven market; every piece of news need to be revised step by step before being printed; in order to reduce the cost, a large number of news agencies are trying to decrease the investigative content in order to avoid being criticized or lawsuits. Obviously, Chomskys propaganda model is largely focusing on the American journalism in the Cold War period. He argues that the propaganda model played an important role during the Cold War period; the media is surly the core of the model. He is not only suspecting that the media is stifling public criticism of the government, keeping the public away from the truth; but even considering that the media is responsible for protracting the Cold War. The propaganda model is widely applicable in America because of the news culture in the US (Chomsky, 2007).Most of the media group in the US are belonging to the private ownership and not subsidized by the government, almost financially independent. Large amounts of the media are controlled by a limited number of big companies, who are also getting on well with the government through the political donations on the trade of weapons. Consequently, they are sometimes involving in the national policy making as well. Meanwhile, the sources of news are required to be obtained through the official channels, such as the press conference or the personal interview. In order to get the first hand information, the journalists need to be getting on well with the government agencies, which will also affect the media attitude towards the politics. From the Chomskys propaganda model it can be seen that in order to strengthen the objective image to the public, the media ownership are using the way of conglomeration and merger of small media companies to make grater in power, influence, stature, or reputation. Sometimes, the government played an accomplice role in this process, charging some small media companies to let them bankruptcy because of the heavily cost of the lawsuit, while the giant media is benefit from the influence and power. Thus it can be seen that the media and the government in the US are closely connected. Because of that, media in the US are always exercising self-censorship. Although Chomsky uses the propaganda model to criticize the media in the Europe, it is lacking of generalizability after all. Klaehn has written on her article that there was a common criticism on the propaganda model: the propaganda model is to be analyzed under the hypothesized condition that there is no difference among the internal the ruling class, but that will never happen in the reality (Klaehn, J. 2002). As Chomsky and Herman have explained in their book, it is similar to the emphasis within the book, the propaganda of some authoritative country is different to the media of the U.S. In fact, spirited debates is allowed and encouraged in the U.S., only when it does not cross the line. (Herman Chomsky, 1988). Moreover, they have made another further explanation that we used the concepts of worthy and unworthy victims to describe this dichotomization, with a trace of irony as the varying treatment was clearly related to political and economic advantage rather than anything like actual worth (Herman, 2000). Talking about this, Colin Sparks, from the University of Westminster has suspected whether this model can be used to explain every context of the media in the UK. Colin Sparks (Sparks, 2007) took the example of the Iraq War reporting in the UK and argued there were lots of researches showing that many media in the UK doubted the legitimacy and appropriateness of the Iraq war. He believes propaganda model neglect the complication of capitalist society. From the economical aspects, the conflicting interests among the different department within the capitalism will be everlasting. It is well known that the US media nearly monopolize the media industry in the world. The propaganda model has archived the largest utility during the international news communication. However, media in other countries are not always following what the Americans want. When the reporting does harm the interest of the country or the reporting is iniquitously unjust, each media organization in the single country will put up resistance. UK is not an exception. 20th March, 2003, the allied forces of US and Britain started the Iraq war without the authorization of the United Nations Security Council. During the prewar and postwar time, the US media has made every attempt to advocate the propaganda model, controlling and intervening the news reporting, in order to ask for support. Although both the United Kingdom and the United States is the staunchest ally during the war, the way of reporting the war was very different because of their different attitude towards the Iraq war. Comparing with the patriotism reporting in the America, news in the UK was obviously impartial. Not only reporting the British and American forces attacked the Iraq forces, but also relayed the civilian casualties,Moreover,they also made some independent comment on the war, even some criticism were totally different from the America announcement. Brookes and Lewis has analyzed the British Television Media; they choose the four main News channels as a sample of how they reported the Iraqi War, including BBC 1, ITV News, Channel4News and Sky channels. They were mainly focusing on three aspects. Whether Iraq owned weapons of mass destruction, the viewpoint of whether Iraqi civilians wish to be liberate from the governance of Saddam and whether the nature of Saddams politics was vicious. The result showed 86% of report tends to agree that Iraq does own weapons of mass destruction (Lewis Brookes, 2004). Those who believe warfare can liberate Iraq are double of the amount of the reports of attack Iraq. More than half of the reports believe that Saddams policies makes Iraq civilian feels they are under pressure and pain. Even channel4 news report seems to have a fair opinion; Brookes and Lewis still give a conclusion of British Television is biased towards the government. In addition, Couldry and Doweny (Allan Zelizer, 2004) analyzed seven newspapers report before the Iraq War started (2003 January to Mid February). They mainly focus on whether media should investigate of the reason of starting a war. Result shown that the right-wing newspaper like The Times, The Sun, Daily Telegraph, Daily Mail might or might not support the starting of the war. Newspapers such as Daily Mirror, Independence, Guardiance is considered to be focus on the benefit of the nation and is opposite to the west-ring newspaper is doubting the reason and moral standard on the reason of starting a war towards Iraq. Robertson (Robertson, 2004) chose two Scotland papers The Herald and The Scotsman as the subject of the study and analyses on the report that have been done on the Iraqi war. Its purpose is to analyzing whether the Scotland newspaper is playing a role of watchdog or lapdog. The study shows that both newspaper report the action have been taken in the Iraqi war and the result they have achieve during the war. In comparison, the reports related to the destruction of the facilities in Iraq, the impact towards the public hygiene, environment and social order is relatively less covered within the reports. There are also 2775 cases in total mention about the victims, even those who have rarely cover the death of Iraqi civilian, Arabs and Muslim people. Based on the research from the scholars, there are some specific antiwar news. For example, Daily Mirror in the UK has published two pictures in the front page, which is George Bush with a smile in one picture with a crying Iraq woman on the war wrecks in another picture, with the title he likes it; moreover, Daily Mirror criticized that the Iraq war was pointless, horrible, and appealed to the UK government to stop the war. In addition, The Independent and other newspaper in the UK had replied to Bushs announcement about the war will last for no matter how long it will require on the 28th, March, and it was widely accepted that the longer the war lasts, the heavier the economic losses will be suffering, the more political price will be paid as well. Besides, on the 25th April, the former president of BBC Greg Dyke had delivered a speech in the University of London, he criticized that the news from the America media was over impartial and could not illustrate all the truth from the battlefield, which Greg Dyke was called distorted patriotism. During the war time, the propaganda model was not applicable to explain the media in the UK; on the contrary, it works on few specific cases nowadays. In the 24th, November, 2009, a committee was set up in the UK to investigate the legality of the Iraq war. The result of the investigation will be put out after the election around the end of 2010. The investigation time and scope will be arranging from 2001 until the end of July, 2009, including every stage the British army prepare for the war, go to the war and pullout. Many former government high officers will involve in the inquiry as well. To all appearances, it is difficult to use the propaganda model to explain this. According to the propaganda model, in order to be trusted by the public, the media disclosures scandals of the authorities and criticized the government. Different from this time, once the commission has investigated that the Iraq war is illegal, most of the media organisations that had supported the war would be accused. Instead of gaining the belief from the public, there is no denying that the media are just digging their own graves. In my opinion, the news of Iraq war investigative commission just follows the propaganda mode, getting the trust from the public through criticising the government without being noticed. It is a fight among the political party results in setting the investigative commission. Firstly, talking about the announcement that the investigation result will be published after the election. On one hand, this timing will not diminish the effect of the political propaganda; on the other hand, an opened interrogation was conducted by an investigative group on the commanders and politicians who is involved in the Iraq war, the purpose of that is to advertise and to build up the publicity for Gordon Brown during the election. Secondly, the result of the investigation will make no sense. The Guardian (Sparrow, 2009) argued that the Iraq inquiry was not the responsibility for the investigative commission to judge whether the Iraq war is legal or not. In addition, there is no lawyer and judge in the commission team and all the team members are chosen by Gordon Brown, thus then the so called investigation is just conducting in a perfunctory way. If there is a real need to investigate in the lies and acts the British and the American government have done in the Iraq war, it is then necessary to be carry out by international organisations, such as UN Commission on Human Rights or International Criminal Tribunal. The commission will not dig out the crime that they have done, but in fact they cover up the facts from the public. To sum up the above arguments, it is not surprising that the propaganda model has been strongly criticized by some people. Herman and Chomskys Propaganda Model does not explain every media in every context; it is too rigid in its causal argument and lack of accurate support. Yet we live in a world, changes take place all the time, there is no adaptable news model that is suitable forever. Even in a country, as media in the UK, there would be a variety of news reporting towards one event. Although some of the news can be analysed by the propaganda model while others cannot. In a word, the propaganda model is lack of practicalness and general applicability.

Stigma Within the Fast Food Industry Essay -- Restaurants Employment Es

When working at a fast food restaurant, more often than not it is accompanied with a stigma. People tend to believe that those who work in fast food restaurants are not capable of anything better. They assume people working at fast food restaurants are slow and uneducated, or they simply look down upon them because these jobs have become known as "dead-end jobs." This so-called "dead-end job" is what people might describe as low-wage labor that employees have a susceptibility to become trapped in. Fast food employee’s face many challenges, morally and socially. High school students take jobs at fast-food restaurants because they are convenient and can work around their schedules. High school students who work in fast food use the money they make toward an education, and most have goals that do not at all include the fast-food world. Why then, does the stigma remain? Perhaps it is because it has been coined as a social prejudice, and people are afraid to disagree. Parents tend to dissuade their working age children from working at fast-food restaurants as the stigma of these jobs creates conflict in their social lives. My background in the fast food industry starts with my first real job. I began working at Wendy’s when I was sixteen years old. I kept to myself for nearly a year. I was working for one thing, and that was to satisfy the customers. After exactly three years, the choice to move on and change was a hard decision to make, my hours were steady, and the managers were pushing me to move up in the chain of power and become a shift manager. I had accumulated three employee of the month awards (employees were only allowed to get it once a year), the title of ACE employee (knowledge of all positions and the skil... ...erve while working in the fast food industry that people not in the industry would not know or understand? 7. Has your perspective been provoked by the stigma related with fast food workers, if so, how? [ii] Questions for non fast food workers. 1. When did you first begin working and where? 2. Have you ever been to a fast food restaurant? 3. How do you feel this job might differ from that of one in a fast food restaurant? 4. Do you feel that fast food restaurants carry a stigma among employees? 5. Have you ever heard or been witness to a situation regarding the moral corruption of fast workers? Works Cited Bennet, Jay. Personal interview. 30 Oct. 2004. Koenecke, Wade. Personal interview. 25 Oct. 2004 Long, Whitney. Personal interview. 25 Oct. 2004 Wright, Sean. Personal interview. 28 Oct. 2004 Stigma Within the Fast Food Industry Essay -- Restaurants Employment Es When working at a fast food restaurant, more often than not it is accompanied with a stigma. People tend to believe that those who work in fast food restaurants are not capable of anything better. They assume people working at fast food restaurants are slow and uneducated, or they simply look down upon them because these jobs have become known as "dead-end jobs." This so-called "dead-end job" is what people might describe as low-wage labor that employees have a susceptibility to become trapped in. Fast food employee’s face many challenges, morally and socially. High school students take jobs at fast-food restaurants because they are convenient and can work around their schedules. High school students who work in fast food use the money they make toward an education, and most have goals that do not at all include the fast-food world. Why then, does the stigma remain? Perhaps it is because it has been coined as a social prejudice, and people are afraid to disagree. Parents tend to dissuade their working age children from working at fast-food restaurants as the stigma of these jobs creates conflict in their social lives. My background in the fast food industry starts with my first real job. I began working at Wendy’s when I was sixteen years old. I kept to myself for nearly a year. I was working for one thing, and that was to satisfy the customers. After exactly three years, the choice to move on and change was a hard decision to make, my hours were steady, and the managers were pushing me to move up in the chain of power and become a shift manager. I had accumulated three employee of the month awards (employees were only allowed to get it once a year), the title of ACE employee (knowledge of all positions and the skil... ...erve while working in the fast food industry that people not in the industry would not know or understand? 7. Has your perspective been provoked by the stigma related with fast food workers, if so, how? [ii] Questions for non fast food workers. 1. When did you first begin working and where? 2. Have you ever been to a fast food restaurant? 3. How do you feel this job might differ from that of one in a fast food restaurant? 4. Do you feel that fast food restaurants carry a stigma among employees? 5. Have you ever heard or been witness to a situation regarding the moral corruption of fast workers? Works Cited Bennet, Jay. Personal interview. 30 Oct. 2004. Koenecke, Wade. Personal interview. 25 Oct. 2004 Long, Whitney. Personal interview. 25 Oct. 2004 Wright, Sean. Personal interview. 28 Oct. 2004

Analysis of music in the film Grease

I think the effectiveness of a musical film In comparison to a film score in a non- musical largely depends on the target audience of the film, genre of film, and plot of the film. In musical films Like Grease, Chicago, Less Miserable, West Side Story, and Mama Ml, the musical and choreographed aspects of film work with the plot In an effective manner. I feel Like [romantic] comedies (egg. Mama Ml and Grease) and dramas (egg. Less Miserable and Chicago) are the two genres that are best made in to musical films.Musicals are able to break down language barriers, telling the plot of he film through song which evokes plenty of emotion that is universally understood. West Side Story is a perfect example of a musical where choreography and music helps the audience to understand the story even though they might not understand every word of the lyrics. Musicals are able to effectively tell a story if the plot is more simplistic. Contrary to [romantic] comedies and dramas, turning an action o r science fiction film into a musical would be simply ridiculous.If we were to imagine an action film like The Dark Knight or Star Wars as a musical, I don't think these films would eve been nearly as successful as they have been today. One reason for this Is the target audience for films Like Star Wars and The Dark Knight have the potential to be vastly different from the type of people who enjoy watching musicals like Dream Girls and Rent. The plot for The Dark Knight and Star Wars largely benefit from the music being comprised of a film score that is not classified as a musical.It would also be difficult to convert these genres into a musical because the plots are often too complex to understand if everything is sung. The scores in non-musicals serves to implement the plot, not to tell the plot which can often be taken more seriously by the viewers. â€Å"Summer Nights† (0:14:04) Is the first song In the film, Grease, that gives us an introductory look Into what the charac ters are going to be like. Sandy Is seen as very Innocent and sweet from the way she recounts her and Dandy's summer romance from an emotional perspective- â€Å"he got friendly holding my hand†.Dandy's telling of his summer romance is a little more crude and revealing about the physical aspects of the romance -â€Å"she got friendly down in the sand†. The song establishes Danny as he cool leader of the greaser clan known as the â€Å"T-birds† and Sandy as the new girl who the schoolgirl clique, â€Å"The Pink Ladies†, have their eye on to recruit. This song also introduces the other eight main characters (the rest of the T-birds and The Pink Ladies), allowing each of them to ask questions that reveal their characters.The next song that helped to further develop some of the characters is â€Å"Look at Me, I'm Sandra Dee† (0:27:30) which is a comedic song performed by Orzo and The Pink Ladies. A taunting, underlying tone In the music is heard right away. Razz's tough and arctic tone Is established through her lyrics In this song as she is mocking the Innocence of Sandy. When the characters are mocking Sandy inability to Inhale properly while smoking, we hear a clapper Instrument to compliment them coughing.The rest of The Pink Ladies: French, Marty, and Jan, seem to follow their leader, immature and highly compliant to what Orzo wants them to do or think. â€Å"Hopelessly Devoted To You† (0:32:00) is a ballad performed by Sandy which has a slower tempo than the other songs we have previously heard in the film. The song starts off by sing heavy strings to create an emotional feel then later we hear the piano. This is a character song which enables Sandy to express her romantic feelings for Danny, and reflect on their relationship.The chorus, â€Å"hopelessly devoted to you† is how Sandy feels towards Danny and these feelings are emphasized by the repetition through the song. â€Å"Greased Lightning† (0:37:2 0) is performed by Danny and the T-birds and serves to establish the major cultural influences of the sass's: cars and rock and roll. We hear 3 stingers using ascending notes played on brass at the beginning of the Eng to compliment Dandy's ideas of what the car could be (automatic, systematic, hydromantic).There is also a lot of call and response between the protagonist, Danny, singing the main course and the T-birds backing him up by providing musical responses to his lines. This song uses heavy percussion, piano, bass, and brass instruments to create a genuine rock and roll feel. The tempo stays consistent throughout the song except when it slows down at the ending chorus. The ending chorus is also where we hear drums and vocals being harmonize. â€Å"Sandy† (01:19:10) reformed by Danny is Dandy's counter song to â€Å"Sandy's Hopelessly Devoted To You†.This is also a ballad as it expresses the deep emotions Danny has for Sandy and shows how vulnerable he is without her. We see a different side of Danny here because he is not acting tough or cool; he is being raw and real. This song uses empathetic sound as we can hear Danny on the verge of crying at some points in the song which causes the viewer to empathetic with the sadness he feels. â€Å"Look at Me, I'm Sandra Dee (Reprise)† (01 :31 :38) is a turning point for Sandy's character.The song tarts out as wholesome and pure, like she is, accompanied by the piano in a high key with a light tone (we hear consonance). Then the lyrics get more powerful along with the intensity of the music (crescendo and lower key on the piano) as she decides to say goodbye to her innocence. â€Å"You're the One That I Want† (01:36:47) performed by Danny, Sandy, Pink Ladies, and T-Birds shows how the characters have succumbed to their feelings. Danny has become the man that Sandy wanted him to be all along and vice versa.We hear a riff on the piano to introduce the new, sophisticated Sandy. The causa l harmony between Danny and Sandy is symbolic of the new found harmony in their relationship and the all black costumes they are wearing is symbolic of both their maturity. This is an example of a rhythm song because it is driven by energetic rhythm patterns. Personally, this is my favorite song of the film because I feel it has the catchiest underlying beat and I felt that the choreography and props were used really effectively to capture the viewers attention. We Go Together† is a production number which involves the full cast and expresses the major changes in the plot room the opening to closing act. This cheerful tune is expressive of the happiness found by the entire cast and all the main characters are happily coupled off. Grease does include a lot of dancing which I found to be quite effective. It is more visually appealing and helps with the flow of telling the story through song. If at some points in the film the characters were Just standing there rather than moving around and dancing, the audience is more likely to be disengaged. Dancing also provides the catchier.Dance is also an important part of detecting a characters emotion through odd language; in the song Mimi Are The One That I Want†, Sandy is seen to have a new gained confidence and attitude which reflective not only in her lyrics, but in her dancing as well. I find it effective that performers in musical films treat their song and dance numbers as if there is a live audience watching. It helps to engage the audience more because they feel as though they are more closely connected to the performers. It also helps the performers find the emotional energy to perform different songs and dance if they have an audience's energy to thrive off of.

Kate Chopin Response Question Help Essay

1. What features make The Awakening a â€Å"local color† story? The features that make The Awakening a â€Å"local color† story are Story points like how Edna comes in contact with creole women and how their societies differ from her own from the language, their status, and the way they express themselves, basically their community’s culture. 2. What customs and beliefs of Edna Pontellier’s society are significant in relation to her psychological development? Edna lives in a Victorian society where women are more than expected to conform to the ways of society allowing just enough independence to eradicate a sense of boredom in their repetitive daily routines of caring for their children and husband but little of themselves, however Edna holds thoughts of a romantic world deep in her heart and the meeting of the creole women like Mademoiselle Reisz, the model of what she could be, and Adà ¨le Ratignolle, the model of the life in which she refuses to accep t. Both of which propel her to change and accept her own independence. 3. What attitudes and tendencies in the Creole characters does Edna have trouble adjusting to? Edna struggled with adjusting to the creole women frankness about sex, and their desires. Initially shocking her with their ability to express themselves, Edna soon learns that their life style is the one she craves to pursue. 4. Why did Edna marry Leonce? Is he the model husband? Edna married Leonce because he was the ideal husband, hardworking could support a family, attractive and cared for his children and wife. However that’s where it stopped Leonce cared for his children and wife, loved his children but didn’t love Edna to the extent of letting her express herself rather he wanted her to conform t the life style she hated, the Victorian domestic wife. So in comparison to our society today he would not be a model husband our culture today describes marriage out of unconditional love rather than necessity. 5. What incidents in the novel reveal that he may not be a good husband for Edna? Leonce, on multiple occasions Leonce denies her claims of independence simply rejecting her ideas of herself expression ultimately creating a gap between Edna and himself a gap which would be filled by Robert. 6. How do Mlle. Reisz and Mme. Ratignolle function in  relation to Edna and the novel’s view of women as mothers and artists? In a way Mlle. Reisz and Mme. Ratignolle are two extremes; one being what Edna could be in accepting the Victorian society’s expectations of women, and the latter being the full rejection of the Victorian expectations. 7. What kind of mother is Edna? What kind of artist is she? Originally Edna was the Victorian’s ideal wife/mother only branching to art as a way of entertainment rather than expression, however she began to branch away from the norm., or rather â€Å"expected† behavior as both a mother/wife and as an artist. 8. How are the background characters such as the young lovers and the lady in black at the shore, significant in Edna’s story? The young couple and the lady in black act as identifiers of Edna’s own struggles with her own identity and status in society. The young lovers being a representation of how she imagined her romance with Leonce to be, being described as walking as equals. A feeling Edna feels she cannot hope to feel with Leonce.. The lady in black acts as an example of how a women is expected to at an older age wearing black dreary colors acting as a foreshadow of impeding death leaving a fatalistic view over the young couple’s future. 9. In detail, explain how the flashbacks to Edna’s past function. How does her father compare to the other men in her life? Her father was very strict with her as he was a protestant catholic very defined by the â€Å"norm†, however this didn’t stop him and Edna from getting along despite her claims of romantic independence. 10. How does the view of romantic love develop in the course of the novel? What is the doctor’s view of marriage and childbearing? It seems as though throughout the novel romantic loved is morphed into becoming an act of rebellion. The doctor notices her adoration for Robert, and her branching for independence however he also knows that even if he said anything there would be little Leonce could do to intervene without sparking a rebellion from Edna. It seems as though the doctor feels that both marriage and child bearing are not what necessarily define love, or a romantic relationship, something reinforced by Edna’s behavior. 11. Can you think of an emotional attachment and/or a romantic obsession you have studied in a previous work? How does that incident or character compare with Edna’s emotional and romantic relationships? A very strong emotional  attachment or obsession is apparent in Romeo & Juliet, it is similar to the awakening because on in both stories the main protagonist(s) are breaking the norm in order to pursue a romantics ideal life, even more so that they both end with suicide, leaves a pretty dark cloud over love triumphs type of writings. 12. What are the main images and symbols in the novel? The main symbols and images in the novel are: the birds, the sea, the two lovers accompanied by the lady in black, as well as the adolescent twins. 13. Why does Edna get involved with Alcee Arobin? Edna gets involved with Alcee to sate her physical desires in place of Robert, being in Mexico, and Leonce being restrained by his beliefs in society. 14. Why do you suppose critics were outraged at this novel in 1899, saying it committed â€Å"unutterable crimes against polite society† and should be labeled â€Å"poison† to protect â€Å"moral babes†? When hearing this I could only laugh as a friend of mine is very feminist and women empowered, when reading the critique’s reactions to the novels as â€Å"poison† , I came to the conclusion that they were outraged because they were either upset with Edna’s apparent likeliness to sex or her ability to easily move to other men, those critiques either saw this novel as Chopin’s way of describing the â€Å"real† woman or an over the top imagining of what every women desires, and out of jealousy of words to express simply criticized. 15. What is your reaction to the end of the novel? Do you agree or disagree with the reasons for Edna’s final action? In way I agree with her final decision, of course this does not mean I support suicide but It seems as though Edna had set herself up to never be happy in her society, and after multiple attempts to embrace this â€Å"new† culture that presented itself to her anyone she attempted to grow close to was restrained by that same society’s expectations, not willing to break the rules for her. In a way she was alone seeking a partner yet no one was reaching out as far as she was.